Peruvian neonatal ponderal index reference according to gestational age
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61651/rped.2009v62n1p15-22Keywords:
Weight by Height, Fetal Nutrition Disorders, Infant, NewbornAbstract
Introduction: The traditional classification of fetal growth according to birthweight for gestational age, classified as small, adequate or large- for- gestational- age infant, does not allow us to identify disorders of the body composition. The neonatal ponderal index, using birthweight and height as variables, has been established to identify growth disorders.
Material and Methods: prospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted to establish a reference chart of ponderal index according to gestational age of neonates born through spontaneous vaginal deliveries from 34 to 42 gestational weeks. We calculated the percentiles 10, 50 and 90 of 99 439 deliveries from the Perinatal Data System of 29 hospitals located at the coast, high-land and jungle of Peru in 2005. We selected singleton pregnancies of healthy women and healthy neonates born by spontaneous vaginal delivery. PI was calculated by the following formula: (birthweight in grams) 3 x 100/[crown-heel height in cm] .
Results: There were 8 844 (8,9%) healthy neonates born by spontaneous vaginal delivery. Values of PI percentile 50 (10- 90 centile] at gestational age 34,35, 36,37,38,39,40,41 and 42 were: 2,45 (2,15-2.78), 2,50 (2,18-2,85), 2,55 (2,23-2,90), 2,59 (2,28-2,95), 2,63 (2,33-2,98), 2,67 (2,37-3,00), 2,69 (2,40-3,00), 2,69 (2,41-2,99), 2,68 (2,40-2,96) g/cm3, respectively. Neonatal PI at term were in the range 2,3 to 3,0 g/cm3, values out of this range allow us to identify fetal malnutrition. There was no difference of PI according fetal gender.
Conclusions: Peruvian healthy fetus grows symmetrically as long as it is maintained in the uterus and reaches to term. The neonatal ponderal index at term range between 2,3 and 3,0 g/ cm3. Values out of this range allow us suspect fetal malnutrition. Fetal gender does not affect ponderal index.
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