Relationship between asthma and tuberculosis infection in children in a community with high prevalence for both
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61651/rped.2010v63n3p01-06Keywords:
Asthma, Tuberculosis, ChildAbstract
Introduction: Epidemiological and experimental data suggests that exposure to mycobacterium tuberculosis could potentially suppress development of asthma and atopy by stimulating TH1 and suppressing TH2 immune response. Epidemiological data includes the observation of an inverse and significative correlation between the prevalence of asthma and tuberculosis (TBC) in several countries. In Peru we have a high prevalence for both.
Objetive: To find and establish the relationship between asthma and TBC infection in children in a community with high prevalence for both.
Methods: Tuberculin skin test (PPD) were taken to those above 2 years of age with symptoms of asthma or exposure to TBC evaluated at the outpatient office of Pediatric Pulmonology Unit of Hospital Hipólito Unanue. Diagnosis of TBC infection was based on a positive PPD that showed a diameter of induration = or > 10 mm. Diagnosis of asthma was based on physical examination and questionnaire based on ISAAC study.
Results: We included 95 patients. There were 78 patients with asthma (82.1%) and 17 with TBC infection (17.89%). The asthma group had 73 patients with a negative PPD (93.59%) and 5 with a positive test (6.41%) (p<0.001). The TBC infection group had 5 patients with asthma (29.41%) and 12 (70.59%) with no previous or current signs or symptoms of asthma (p<0.001). There was 3.18 times more risk in the PPD negative group to have asthma over the PPD positive group. PPD negative was related to 68.57 % of the patients with asthma.
Conclusion: The relationship between asthma and tuberculosis infection in children is inverse as described in previous data, even in a high prevalence community for both.
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